1. Government as an institution of the state is defined as a body which

A. conducts elections for the country
B. makes, enforces and interprets laws for the state ✔

C. hires and trains political leaders
D. makes and interprets laws

Explanation:
Government performs legislative, executive, and judicial functions.

2. The study of government in school is important because students can

A. be assisted by political leaders
B. learn about their rights ✔

C. qualify for elections
D. be nominated for a trip abroad

Explanation:
Government education helps citizens understand their rights and duties.

3. The primary function of government in a state is to

A. maintain law and order ✔

B. provide transport services
C. engage in campaigns and rallies
D. imprison criminals

Explanation:
Maintaining law and order ensures peace and stability in society.

4. The functions of the state are achieved through

A. political socialization
B. separation of powers
C. organs of government ✔

D. diplomatic means

Explanation:
The executive, legislature, and judiciary carry out state functions.

5. A unique feature of a state is

A. information
B. anarchy
C. organized laws ✔

D. direct democracy

Explanation:
A state operates based on organized and enforceable laws.

6. Ability to enforce obedience is known as

A. legitimacy
B. power ✔

C. influence
D. fame

Explanation:
Power is the capacity to compel obedience.

7. A major source of political power is

A. election
B. force ✔

C. influence
D. ombudsman

Explanation:
Force has historically been used to acquire political power.

8. Power is transformed into authority through

A. force
B. legitimacy ✔

C. judiciary
D. sovereignty

Explanation:
Authority is power accepted as rightful by the people.

9. Political authority is the

A. legitimate right to exercise political power ✔

B. ability to control political behaviour
C. right to participate in political campaigns
D. right to form political parties

Explanation:
Authority involves lawful exercise of power.

10. Acceptance of government institutions by citizens is known as

A. authority
B. permission
C. legitimacy ✔

D. power

Explanation:
Legitimacy reflects popular acceptance of governance.

11. The concept of sovereignty was propounded by

A. Adam Smith
B. Jeremy Bentham
C. Karl Marx
D. Jean Bodin ✔

Explanation:
Jean Bodin developed the theory of sovereignty.

12. Popular sovereignty belongs to the

A. immigrants
B. electorate ✔

C. cabinet
D. legislature

Explanation:
In democracy, sovereignty resides with the people.

13. A factor that limits sovereignty in a state is

A. civil service
B. international laws ✔

C. political culture
D. political parties

Explanation:
International law restricts absolute sovereignty.

14. Democracy originated from

A. Greece ✔

B. Britain
C. USA
D. Germany

Explanation:
Democracy began in ancient Athens, Greece.

15. A basic principle of democracy is rule by

A. the majority and protection of the minority ✔

B. the wealthy few
C. the minority at the expense of the majority
D. two political parties

Explanation:
Democracy balances majority rule with minority rights.

16. The concept of political culture was introduced by

A. Friedrich Engels
B. Abraham Lincoln
C. Harold Laski
D. Gabriel Almond ✔

Explanation:
Gabriel Almond pioneered the study of political culture.

17. A component of political culture is

A. injunction
B. cognitive orientation ✔

C. mandamus
D. habeas corpus

Explanation:
Cognitive orientation refers to political knowledge.

18. Teaching and learning political culture is known as political

A. participation
B. socialization ✔

C. administration
D. development

Explanation:
Political socialization transmits political values.

19. Which can contribute to political socialization?

A. gerrymandering
B. tourism ✔

C. diplomatic immunity
D. terrorism

Explanation:
Tourism exposes individuals to new political ideas.

20. The political concept that promotes sharing and cooperation is

A. aristocracy
B. capitalism
C. communalism ✔

D. oligarchy

Explanation:
Communalism emphasizes collective ownership and cooperation.

21. A true feature of a capitalist state is that

A. private individuals control the economy ✔

B. workers are not exploited
C. government controls production
D. there is no class struggle

Explanation:
Capitalism allows private ownership of resources.

22. The highest stage of socialism is

A. oligarchy
B. capitalism
C. totalitarianism
D. communism ✔

Explanation:
Communism represents full socialist development.

23. Foreign domination for economic benefits is known as

A. nationalism
B. colonialism ✔

C. feudalism
D. constitutionalism

Explanation:
Colonialism involves political and economic control.

24. A communist system recognizes

A. class division
B. individual needs ✔

C. human capital
D. division of labour

Explanation:
Communism emphasizes collective welfare.

25. The lowest class in a feudal system is the

A. lords
B. serfs ✔

C. knights
D. nobles

Explanation:
Serfs were bound to the land.

26. A common feature of feudalism is

A. hierarchical land ownership ✔

B. private ownership of industries
C. separation of powers
D. fusion of powers

Explanation:
Land ownership defined feudal relationships.

27. An open market economy is a feature of

A. welfarism
B. socialism
C. feudalism
D. capitalism ✔

Explanation:
Capitalism allows free market competition.

28. The political system that discourages socialism is

A. fascism ✔

B. feudalism
C. communalism
D. welfarism

Explanation:
Fascism opposes socialist ideology.

29. The manor is a unique feature of

A. feudalism ✔

B. monarchy
C. totalitarianism
D. communism

Explanation:
Manors were economic units in feudalism.

30. Rule of law was popularized by

A. Gabriel Almond
B. Charles Montesquieu
C. Jean Bodin
D. A.V. Dicey ✔

Explanation:
A.V. Dicey explained the doctrine of rule of law.

31. The body that prepares a new constitution is the

A. electoral commission
B. constituent assembly ✔

C. judicial service commission
D. electoral college

Explanation:
A constituent assembly drafts constitutions.

32. The institution responsible for adjudication is the

A. judiciary ✔

B. police
C. government
D. executive

Explanation:
The judiciary interprets and applies the law.

33. A feature not associated with confederation is

A. right to secede
B. sovereignty at the centre ✔

C. joint decision-making
D. powerful autonomous units

Explanation:
In confederation, sovereignty rests with the units.

34. A function of a head of state is to

A. settle cases
B. arbitrate petitions
C. create constitutions
D. receive foreign dignitaries ✔

Explanation:
The head of state performs ceremonial roles.

35. Citizenship can be changed through

A. proclamation
B. residence
C. renunciation ✔

D. announcement

Explanation:
Citizenship can be voluntarily given up.

36. Political parties present their manifestoes mainly through

A. campaigns and rallies ✔

B. state media
C. public lectures
D. inter-party debates

Explanation:
Campaigns communicate party programmes.

37. In a two-party system, two parties

A. exist only
B. dominate the political scene ✔

C. register members
D. conduct education

Explanation:
Two parties dominate government and opposition.

38. Which is not a form of proportional representation?

A. alternative vote
B. second ballot
C. list system
D. plurality system ✔

Explanation:
Plurality system is not proportional representation.

39. Efficiency of public corporations can be improved through

A. increased production
B. patronage appointments
C. frequent redeployment
D. less government interference ✔

Explanation:
Autonomy improves operational efficiency.

40. A chief could be deposed in the pre-colonial era if he

A. violated written constitution
B. ignored elders’ advice persistently ✔

C. refused colonial taxes
D. married many wives

Explanation:
Traditional rulers were accountable to elders.