WASSCE: GOVERNMENT-THEORY-2009-Q1-Q5
Legitimacy in government means the acceptance and support the people give to their government.
When a government is recognized by the citizens and other countries as lawful, it is said to be legitimate.
1b. Outline any five ways of acquiring legitimacy
1. Free and fair elections – When leaders are voted into power by the people.
2. Good governance – When the government provides basic needs and services like roads, schools, and hospitals.
3. Respect for the constitution – When leaders follow the rules and laws of the land.
4. Traditional authority – When people obey rulers because of custom or culture, like in monarchies.
5. International recognition – When other countries and organizations accept a government as legal and lawful.
2a. Outline six disadvantages of a written constitution
1. It is rigid – It is difficult to change or amend.
2. Too detailed – It may contain too much information that can confuse people.
3. Expensive to produce – Printing and distributing copies is costly.
4. Delay in decision-making – Strict laws may slow down the government when quick action is needed.
5. Not flexible – It may not quickly respond to emergencies or modern issues.
6. Legal terms – The language used can be too hard for ordinary citizens to understand.
3a. Highlight the main function of the executive in a modern state**
The main function of the executive is to carry out and enforce laws made by the legislature.
The executive also runs the day-to-day affairs of the country, such as providing security, education, health care, and managing the economy.
4a. Explain concurrent functions in a federation**
Concurrent functions are the duties or powers shared by both the central (federal) and state governments in a federation.
Examples include education, health, transportation, and agriculture.
Both levels of government can make laws and carry out activities in these areas.
4b. Outline five features of a confederal system of government
1. Weak central government – The central government has very little power.
2. Strong member states – Each region or state has more power than the central government.
3. No single army – Each member state may have its own army.
4. Loose union – It is a union of independent states that agree to work together.
5. Easy to break apart – Member states can easily leave the union if they choose.
5a. What is a manifesto?
A manifesto is a document or speech in which a political party explains its plans and promises to the people if it wins an election.
It shows what the party will do about jobs, education, health, and other issues.
5b. Outline five factors that determine the electoral success of a political party
1. Good leadership – A party with a popular and trusted leader has a better chance of winning.
2. Attractive manifesto – When the party’s plans meet the needs of the people.
3. Strong party structure – Having offices and members across the country helps mobilize support.
4. Financial support – A party with enough money can campaign more and reach more voters.
5. Public image – A party with a good record or reputation is more likely to win voters’ trust.
